

Yes, resource availability isn’t the issue, and “just invest more” has some massive hurdles:
- China has over 25,000 patents in the field of rare earths
- China doesn’t have the strict environmental-protection regulations like much of the rest of the world. It keeps the price very low, but at great cost to its environment from toxic run-off and the like
- Complex, expensive solvent extraction processes require extensive experience that China is well ahead of the rest of the world on
- China has a highly integrated supply chain from mining to finished product manufacturing
All these mean any processing outside of China is going to be incredibly expensive and competitively unprofitable. It’s not impossible to do, and removing dependence from China is probably worth it, but it’s going to take a lot of capital and time to achieve and sustain.


To be fair, commercial long-life nickel-iron batteries are already being sold for grid storage. The main reason they aren’t used more widely is they cost more up front.
That’s ok, because they still cost less than alternatives over the full life span of the battery.
The risk is that the higher purchase cost required will likely be wasted as new battery tech surpasses it long before its life is over.
So for now, it’s all about weighing opportunity cost, tech lock-in, and early obsolescence