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Cake day: June 7th, 2023

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  • The goal of stun guns is to lock the victims muscles up so they can’t move. These gloves don’t appear to do that and according to the manual someone else can be holding the victim while they are being used. The primary purpose of these gloves seems to be to cause pain. From their manual:

    CD3s function by over-stimulating the sense of touch within the Peripheral Nervous System which causes Neuro Peripheral Interference or NPI. CD3 technology delivers a pain stimulus strictly to the area of the epidermis contacted by the CD3


  • This is a major simplification of a university course I took a decade ago but here we go. SIlicon doesn’t conduct electricity. Silicon can be doped with Phosphorus which means a P atom takes the place of a Si atom in it’s crystal structure. But P has 1 more electron than Si, and this electron becomes free flowing in the crystalline structure, which is now conductive. This is called a N-type (n for negative) semiconductor. You can do the same with Boron except this time we are 1 electron short creating a free flowing “hole” this is called a P-type (P=positive) semiconductor.These days I think they use different elements but the principal is the same.

    When you put an Ntype and Ptype semiconductor together the atoms and holes migrate to each other, forming ions and balancing each other out, this creates a zone called the depleted zone and can no longer conduct electricity and has an electric field that repels more electrons (and preventing the entire thing becoming depleted). The depletion zone can’t expand because the electric field prevent any more electrons reaching the Ptype semiconductor.

    Now when a photon hits the depletion zone it adds enough energy to the ion to kick the electron out again into the Ntype semiconductor, it wants to get back to a hole in the p-type semiconductor, but it can’t because of that electric field. However if there is a wire connecting the two it will take the long way around to get to the PType semiconductor again, generating a current.















  • I am not a doctor, I just find steel interesting. I also prefer leaf to hash. but I think it’s going to take more than 1000C to create the fumes osha is mainly concerned about, which would make the steel yellow with heat, Even for welders it’s the sort of thing that should concern only people who do it professionally. That said you are kinda directly huffing whatever is coming off it (hypothetically of course). If it’s getting red hot, then it might still be having some oxidation, but it probably isn’t getting into your lungs and it probably is going to stay put in the metal, Probably…

    If it’s not glowing at all you are definitely good.


  • Chromium is only dangerous (in reasonable quantities) when its Hexavalent (meaning it has 6 missing electrons). Trivalent chromium (3 missing electrons) is actually essential in trace amounts. Stainless steel has trivalent chromium. Exposure to high temperatures (welding, plasma cutting, maybe grinding) can oxidize it from trivalent to hexavalent but your kitchen utensils aren’t going to be exposed to that. I’m not an expert though to be clear.